Type of Leaders Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Type of Leaders - Assignment ExampleIt is clear from the appointment that the lesson plan is appropriately divided into several sections making it very easy to follow. Each activity is describe completely. The teacher is given a step-by-step guide. One noticed however that at that place was no mark of a time frame for each activity suggested. The put of the lesson plan is written in a form that could easily be understood and read through quickly. One thinks that this is a better format than doing it in a narrative form. The sections on References, Instructional Aids, Materials Needed, Equipment Needed and the Learner Preparation are oddly helpful to the instructor. These sections are indeed appropriate in communicating the content of the lesson. The Content Outline is cooked and easy to follow. The lesson plan is logical and very clear. It encourages the students to be critical thinkers and deliver the goodss them with opportunities to apply the theories they have learned by re lating it to the real world. The pop quiz and online leadership assessment attached to the lesson plan will allow the students to channel their ideas freely. They will also be able to interpret the information that they just learned. The quiz will abet their reasoning abilities and help them think what kind of leaders they are. Both the quiz and the assessment are tolerable closures which will reinforce the learning process. They synthesize the lesson on leadership. In terms of evaluating the learning outcomes for the lesson, one thinks that there are no clearly identified means of assessing the students understanding. Although the pop quiz and the leadership assessment may probably help, it is suggested that the plan include a rubric which the teacher may provide the students so that they will know how they will be graded.

Cold War Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ratty contend - Coursework ExampleThe landmark the chilliness state of war was first used by George Orwell in his article that was published in 1945 referring to what he predicted would be a nuclear stalemate between the conceptions two monstrous topnotch powers (Walker, 1995). Since the USSR and the USA fought as allies during the Second World War, it was expected that their relationship would subsequently be couthie and firm. However, this never happened and instead they turned out to be enemies and rivals (Sheehan, 2003). This paper will discuss the Cold War and its various aspects including the nature of the war causes of the war the effects of the war the end of the war and the aftermath of the Cold War. The Nature of the Cold War After the Second World War, the USSR and the US emerged as the worlds two superpowers with profound ideological, political and economic differences. These two superpowers were very distrustful of each other they lacked shared understanding of alien culture and each sought to enhance their economic and military capabilities (Gaddis, 2007). Both of them created more or less of the most intriguing economic and political policies, and developed weapons of destructive dexterity. So, what exactly was the nature of the Cold War? This question can be answered by understanding the ideological, economic and political policies that each of them upheld and attempted to extend to other parts of the world. All these policies were largely aimed at enhancing these two superpowers individual political and economic capability within the international system. They each wanted to bear a large number of allies on their sides and to benefit from resources from the allies that they would have wooed to their side (LaFeber and LaFeber, 2008). On one side, the US advocated for democratic states characterized with periodic reposition elections, upholding of rule of law, respect of human rights, freedom of expression and movement, and constitu tionalism among others. On the other hand, the USSR was advocating for autocratic states characterized with fixed or no elections and limited freedoms and rights among citizens (Walker, 1995) The USSR preferred states that have strong central government and whose citizens have limited freedoms and rights. Also, the US on one hand pushed for capitalism as the preferred economic system around the world, patch the USSR advocated for communism as her preferred economic system. Capitalism is an economic system that is founded on the concept of individuation and free market (LaFeber and LaFeber, 2008). On the other hand, communism is founded on the concept of collectivism and state control of the markets. In pursuing their divergent interests, the US and the USSR separately acquired allies mainly in Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe. The affair between these two superpowers became increasingly apparent through military coalitions with their respective allies, espionage, nuclear and conve ntional fortification race, strategic conventional military deployments, enormous propaganda campaigns, as well as through technological competitions (Gaddis, 2007). Causes of the Cold War Historians are of the view that there were multiple factors that caused the Cold War. The first main cause was that the Soviet Union wanted to propagate and spread its communism ideology worldwide and this alarmed the Western world and especially the Americans

A simple research proposal about 'How could qualitative methods be Essay

A simple research proposal about How could qualitative methods be used to explore the connections between distress and clime c - Essay ExampleThe most common human operation contributing to climate smorgasbord is the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon (Desonie, 2008). Greenhouse gases are emitted via the consumption of fossil fuels, deforestation and the burning of forests as a means of creating agricultural and/or ranch lands (Desonie, 2008). A review of literature suggests that some scholar believe that there is a link between pauperisation and climate change. For example, Dessler (2009) argued that while developed states have targeted key dates for the reduction of carbon emissions, a vast majority of developing countries have no such plans. In addition, it is argued that there is connection between poverty and environmental damages because the paltry spend their time and efforts attempting to relieve hunger (Gray & Moseley, 2005). This often means overusing natural option (Gray & Moseley, 2005). Gray and Moseley (2005) argud, however, that a link between poverty and climate change is difficult to make when adept considers the environmental damages attributed to industries. Davy (2009) also pointed out that the middle and upper classes have far more access to land and thus natural resources, than the poor does. Studies testing or analysing the connection between poverty and climate change have produced mixed results. For example, a con conducted by Martuzzi, Mittis and Forasteire (2010) showed a link between poverty and poor waste management in the US and Europe since 1983. The study, however, was based on secondary distinguish comprised of reports in the literature demonstrating that disadvantaged areas usually reflected poorer waste management than other areas (Martuzzi, et al., 2010). A study conducted by Xenopoulos, Lodge, Alcamo, Marker, Schulze, and Van Vuuren (2005) established a link between fish and river biodiversity and the poor. In this study, Xenopoulos et al. (2005) examined fish and river wet loss. The results of the study indicated that fish loss is due to river water supply loss and this was more prevalent in poor countries where river water was a source of drinking water (Xenopoulos et al., 2005). The combination of climate change and water consumption contributed to water and fish loss in poor countries indicating that the poor, contributed to climate change. Scherr (2000) asserted that recent micro-scale empirical research showed that poor areas are able to adapt to environmental policies, and thus there is no realistic empirical instauration for claiming that there is a connection between poverty and climate change. According to Scherr (2000), marginalisation and a privation of economic resources expose the poor to environmental damages. In other words, the poor are victims of climate change as opposed to the contributor to climate change. As qualitative incase study conducted by Bro uwer, Akter, Brander and Hague (2007) back up this conclusion. Brouwer et al. (2007) conducted a survey on 700 low-income homes in a flood prone area of Bangladesh. The results of the study install that the lower the income of the family, the higher the risk of flood damages. The poorer families lacked the resources to mitigate the risk of flood damages (Brouwer et al., 2007). Qualitative case studies on residents in four UK coastal communities using interviews of residents and a

How did the cotton economy shape the Souths environment and labor Assignment

How did the cotton economy casting the Souths environment and labor system - Assignment ExampleHow did the Lecompton Constitution and the Lincoln-Douglas debates affect the debate over slavery in the territories? Why did Lincolns election in 1860 cause the South to secede? scholarly sources which were researched online were used in providing for the answers.a. The antebellum South was mainly hoidenish with cotton as their main harvest-feast and with the unprecedented growth of the cotton economy during that period, slave labor became the major capital investment. South remained agri ethnic and produced on site goods and services. It remained a largely closed society and only a few towns or villages emerged. (The Cotton Economy in the South. American Eras. 1997).Slaves were only regarded as properties by their owners and were often maltreated and oppressed. though a few had the courage to fight back, their punishments were much more severe they were whipped, beaten, drowned or han ged. Others resisted by slow down in their work or feigning illness or breaking their tools. Others sabotaged their production standardised setting fire on the crops, and some resorted to theft of food, tobacco, liquor, and money from their slave masters.In the 1850s, slaves in plantations dwelt in quarters do up of crudely-made cabins. They lived together within the same homestead and this made the black communities flourish. deep down these slave communities, they were able to retain their African culture with their folk tales, religion and spirituality, music and dance, and language, and they had their own families. These made their lives as slaves bearable.b. The Americans believed they had a manifest destiny to expand across the Pacific Ocean. After the election of pack K. Polk in 1844, he at once initiated the annexation of Texas and he also eyed California and newfound Mexico.The Indians made it more difficult for the Americans in their war against Mexico. As U.S. was h aving war with Mexico, they were also having a cultural war

International Market Entry and Development Essay - 6

Inter subject Market Entry and Development - Essay Examplect researches globally to recognize the global and regional segments of the market and to observe chance for incorporating and better synchronizing the strategies across the national borders. In addition to this speedy collection of information and formulation of results from geographically concentrated sources become very important to predict change in the market and develop a more detailed and effective receipt strategies (Carman, J. M, 1980).Technological advances both facilitate as well as cause more difficulties in gathering data on global basis. The advances and continuously increasing technological complexities allows the collection of data on a broader geographical scale. Yet the flip side of this advances should never be ignored. To cater the research ineluctably of todays world, one must examine the changes under which they have gone through in the last four decades. In the early 60s and 70s U.S firms decided to shift to the international markets from the domestic markets. Japan and europium likewise expanded from the domestic markets to the international markets to widen their geographical range and to act in response of the foreign competitions that was entering their domestic markets. Initially firms were interested more in gathering information to secern and judge the market opportunities of the other countries to assess which markets should be targeted, how to do the positioning of the products and how much to adapt the trade mix to the local markets (Carman, J. M, 1980)The changes in the global market along with the technological changes in the collection of data, its synopsis and its distribution entail that the researches should broaden their spectrum to plan, implement and to execute the research in this competitive world. Researchers need to adapt their skills and capabilities in order to carry and plan the researches in this competitive world (Carman, J. M, 1980)The growth of retailers globally also assist marketing research. As their chains

Wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wk2 - Essay ExampleA case of Zimbabwe, a Southern Afri gutter countrified will be used to illustrate how planetary organizations can continue operating in foreign countries that seemingly have hostile environments.There argon certain incidences that may take place in other countries such as socio-political instability hardly these may not impact negatively on the operations of international business. For instance, Zimbabwe is one of the countries that has experienced kind my hem over the past decade due to government policies that have been widely viewed as autocratic to the citizens by different sectors of the whole world. This has impacted on the operations of many businesses but research has shown that this ground is not that bad for investment by foreign companies. As such, in 2013, the IMF agreed to place Zimbabwe onto a Staff Monitored Programme to help place the economy back onto a reco genuinely path, (Robertson Economics, 2014). On its own, it seems that the country i s still finding it difficult to revive its economy on that pointby improving the morale as intimately as social welf are of the majority of the citizens. The situation obtaining on the ground cannot be seen as very bad such that international businesses cannot thrive.The conduct of international businesses is often governed by international law that is specifically concerned with dealing with legal interactions between governments. According to HG.org (2015), There are both national laws and international agreements which govern/regulate international business transactions, which include investments, offshore banking, contracts, imports/exports, tariffs, dumping, trade and more. As such, international organizations are often protected in whatever country they would be operating in such that there is no need for panicking with regards to safety of their businesses. Two examples are discussed below to illustrate how international law can be used to protect international organization s

Discuss the importance to businesses of having a good knowledge of Essay

Discuss the importance to businesses of having a good knowledge of snaps for planning and set policies, using examples and diagrams as appropriate - Essay Exampleth a price ginger nut of 1.5, a 10 percent increase in the price of a bar of bath soap would birth a 15 per cent drop in the quantity demanded of the product based on the statute E = Q / P. The demand is relatively elastic (the demand curve is somewhat flat) if it is greater than 1, such as the one shown in the graph below, and relatively inelastic if less than 1, such as 0.9.Cross press stud of demand is used when one products affects another because they are either complements or substitutes. An example would be deep brown and sugar which are complements because an increase in demand in coffee raises the demand for sugar. So instead of the quantity demanded of coffee changing as its own price changes, we measure the quantity demanded of coffee to a change in the price of sugar. If we take another example, such as a cross elasticity of 2.0 for PC in relation to a printer. If the price of computer printers fell 3 per cent, demand for laptop computer will rise 6 per cent because the cross price elasticity is -2. These products are complements. In representative of substitutes, a drop in the price of Japanese cameras will cause the quantity demanded of American cameras to drop.1.3 Income elasticity of demand. When an individuals income increases, his demand for a computer laptop, for example, increases if the product is a normal good. If it is an inferior good such as canned sardines, an increase in income will reduce the quantity demanded of sardines because the individual might prefer to bury steak or chicken instead.If the demand is very elastic - that is, the elasticity is much higher than 1.0, lets say 3.0 - every increase in the price of a commodity or service would result in a loss of revenues for the marketer. This is because a 10 per cent increase in price would trigger a lessening i n quantity demanded of 30 per cent. On the other hand, if the firm reduces his price, this can result in a three-fold increase in the quantity demanded, and therefore he makes more

Budget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Budget - Essay Examplencreased interest in research on this topic, and to canvas whether the current approaches of budgeting hinder the effectiveness of modern organizations.Dynamic Business Environment The present barter environs presents a very dynamic situation in front of the managers. In this scenario, budget is seen as a constraint rather than as a planning tool. As a result of this dynamic business environment, the relevancy of the budget is very short lived. Budges result in centralization of the last making process. This delays the decision making and reduces and organizations ability to respond to changing environment. The concept of how a successful telephoner operates in the information age is shifting from make-and-sell to sense-and respond (Haeckel, 1999).Budgeting do in isolation Many managers who argon against budgeting believe that budgeting encourages a myopic planning horizon indicating a delinking of the budget and strategy (Shastri, 2008). Budgets are done in isolation and are not aligned to company strategy and goals. Moreover, the budgeting horizon is not cerebrate to the business cycle resulting in long budgeting periods in rapidly changing industries and short budgeting periods in highly dynamic industries.Hinders Innovation The bureaucracy and controls created as a result of the budgeting process stop the culture of repugn the status quo. virtually of the units focus on operating within the budget thereby reducing the chances of insane asylum. Most of the subunits focus on operating within their own budgets and hence do not take innovation as a philosophy (Hope and Fraser, 2001).Expensive It is often argued that the budgeting process followed at organizations is inefficient. This results in the wastage of time of the superior management. Budgeting is also an expensive exercise in terms of capital required for the budgeting purpose.Sophisticated Budgeting Techniques With the drawbacks of the budget and the budgeting technique s,

Automobile (Toyota in Saudi Arabia) customer reponces to price changes Essay

Automobile (Toyota in Saudi Arabia) guest reponces to footing changes according to cusomer segmentation - Essay Example.......................................... 4 1.2 Problem Statement ........................................................................................ 8 1.3 Aims or Purpose of this Study....................................................................... 9 1.4 look for Objectives ....................................................................................... 9 1.5 Research Questions ........................................................................................ 10 1.6 Significance of the Study ............................................................................... 10 1.7 precept for Choosing the Research Topic.................................................. 10 1.8 Research Procedure...................................................................................... 12 1.9 Scope and Limitations ................................. ................................................... 13 1.10 Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 14 2. Literature revue ...................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Conceptual Framework and Research Hypothesis ............................................. 15 2.1.1 Conceptual Framework ........................................................................ 15 2.1.2 Research Hypothesis for Further Verification ..................................... ... .............. 31 2.2.3 Brand Association ................................................................................ 34 2.2.4 Perceived Brand note ...................................................................... 39 2.3 Importance of Effective Pricing Strategy ........................................................... 41 2.4 Significance of Pricing over the using of Brand Equity .... 46 2. 5 Significance of Price Changes on Consumer Behavior ...................................... 50 2.6 Chapter Summary................................................................................................ 54 2.7 References............................................................................................................57 Chapter 1 Introduction In order for marketing managers to develop and implement effective marketing strategies, it is necessary to scan the reach that toll changes have on consumers purchasing behavior and purchasing decisions. In particular, the market price of automobiles is one of the most significant factors that can influence consumers purchasing behavior and purchasing decisions. Since price motility can affect consumers purchasing behavior, a majority of marketing managers are concerned with analyzing the impact of price changes on brand equity and consumer behavior (Yoon and Tran, 2011). Most of the available research studies are focused on examining the impact of marketing mix on brand equity (Buil et al., 2011 Chattopadhyay, Shivani and Krishnan, 2009 Villarejo-Ramos and Sanchez-Franco, 2005 Yoo, Donthu and Lee, 2000). Specifically the study of Valette-Florence, Guizani and Merunka (2009) examined consumers opinion with regards to the impact of sales promotion intensity and

Marketing issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing issue - Essay Examplehttp// sores.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060505/us_nm/nevada_drugs_dc_ylt=AreuRXBOHf5yVltO1LMj6HWyBhIF_ylu=X3oDMTA5aHJvMDdwBHNlYwN5bmNhdA-Its no longer just the hardworking women who make capital at strip clubs. These late-night hangouts, with their booming sound systems and gender-mixed crowds, have become big business for the record attention, speci eithery for hip-hop labels. Strip clubs have become the main breaking place for records, especially in the South, says Jermaine Dupri, professorship of urban music for thoroughgoing(a) Records. The music industry increasingly has embraced the strip club out of fate and convenience. At strip joints, DJs atomic number 18 able to play full tracks and can take a aspect on underground and unproven material. Just about the right place to launch ones career in music. But will these hip-hop labels truly help turn out good music for all ages There are so many performers today who are good enough to break the swearwo rd and make it count. Unfortunately there are not too many takers. Will the entry of Virgin Records bring more music companies into strip clubs Could this be turning point of the recording industry in the United States Its just a matter of time.U.S. Geological Survey. The aquatic invasion is widespread. Half of all streams in the West are home to non-native fish. Few habitat types are immune, and humans are largely to blame. unitary of the most surprising conclusions in the new study In streams that are among the most pristine, there are generally more non-native fish than native.With global warming changing the ecosystem, there has been many natural calamities witnessed the valet de chambre over. It is time that mankind takes a closer look at what he been doing to unsettle the eco-system. Industrialization at the expense of a greener Earth is taking a step closer to extinction. Could these fishes have come as a blessing in disguise for Green Peace activists Only time will tell.ht tp//news.yahoo.com/s/space/20060507/sc_space/nonnativefishinvadewesternstreams_ylt=Aq4yaqyNiuaoS3a242Z6bYUPLBIF_ylu=X3oDMTA5aHJvMDdwBHNlYwN5bmNhdA--4.Rather than reach for the television remote control when she wants to be entertained, Karalyn Valente goes online to play EverQuest, Ultima Online and other pic games - a gaming habit shared by millions in the United States. According to a new AP-AOL Games poll, 40 percent of American adults play games on a computer or a console. Men, junior adults and minorities were most likely to play those games. The trend to move from the idiot box is a cause of concern for the media managers. There is this in effect(p) concern that if nothing is done quickly to bring people back to television viewing the industry is in for a major transformation that could take away thousands of jobs.Video games attract people for the primary reason that they get associated with the characters that transforms into a strong bond.

Evaluation of a Business Code of Ethics Research Paper

Evaluation of a Business scratch of Ethics - Research written report ExampleThe commandment of conduct is a document that has been framed for the well-organized and effective cognitive process of the overall performance of the company. encrypt of ethics used by the PetSmart helps to improve the problem solving ability of the company. The Board of Directors has allow the Management Team under stewardship of the Managing Director to direct the norms regulating the Code of Conduct, Ethics of the responsibilities allotted to the assorted departmental heads of the PetSmart. About the company The company PetSmart, Inc. was established in the year of 1987 in Phoenix, Arizona. It is the one of the biggest fortissimo retailers of services and solution for the lifetime requirements of embraces. The company PetSmart has in excess of 1,172 pet stores in the Puerto Rico, U S A and Canada and in excess of 172 in-store Pets Hotels dog, Doggie Day Camps and cat boarding services. And also P etSmart is the one of the tip online supplier of pet materials and various informations regarding the pet care. Company also offers a full(a) variety of competitively priced foodstuff for pet and pet provisions, and provides various pet adoption services and pet training. Mission statement The mission statement of the PetSmart is to develop the quality of existence for every companion animals by generating and supporting agendas that save the existences of homeless pets and encourage healthy relations among pets and people. Ethical system used by the organization Organization used various type of honest system to improve the overall productivity and problem solving ability of the company. Ends-driven, relativistic, entitlement and calling-driven (legal or religious) ethics are the some of the widely used ethical system. Code of ethics used by the PetSmart is legal code of ethics. Every Associate should read, be advised of and employ the Code of Ethics of the PetSmart and compa ny Conduct and connected policies. Every Associate has also the duty to identify and keep away from or prevent conditions that may cause possible breaches of the Code. In this case, the Code of ethics would be to treat all members of the work perpetrate equally without any kind of contrariety on the basis of age, gender, sexual preferences or disabilities. Besides, the Code of Ethics require to consider that there subscribe to be no discrimination, or bias in favour of any gender in basis of work allocation, or its execution. Besides, there is need to identify, instil and enforce a code of work practices, which would fix down minimum standards for potential workers. It is essential that every the new workers read and follow the Written manual of Code of Conduct and ethics of this business which has been provided to them upon accepting appointment in this company. The existing members of the work force would also be provided with copies of written manual which sets forth their ethical and moral interfacing with this organization. Consequences for Breach of Code each(prenominal) members of the company have been provided with a written copy of the revised Code of Conduct/Ethics. Any aberrance shall be strictly dealt by way of in commensuration with exiting laws and the companys own policies and procedures regulating its Code of Conduct. How the code of ethics is used by the company The pet smart is used legal code of eth

Israel and the Palestinians (CASE) Module 4 Essay

Israel and the Palestinians (CASE) Module 4 - Essay ExampleThe touch between Israel and Palestine involves the USA and therefore, the USA risks her acquisition of oil and former(a) resources from the Islam nations (Palestine Facts, 2009).In order to handwriting with the threat of terror that Israel seem to apply as an excuse to intimidate Palestine, the USA should make use of her strange form _or_ system of government to negotiate or intervene the conflict without political or economic bias. It has been report that the USAs taxpayers money has been funding Israel military operations within the Middle East. Without a lighten indication of which nation is instigating or escalating the conflict, the USA has chosen to underpin Israel in both military and financial resources (Palestine Facts, 2009).The USA has several options on how to approach the conflict between Israel and Palestine conflict. From historical background, the USA has been in record for getting involved in various conflicts between other nations. With regards to these interventions, the USAs Foreign policy, which is supported by other nations such as the UK, has been a doctrine for maintaining placidity among nations. In this case, as a recommendation, the USA should consider the merits of the Foreign Policy before providing support to Israel. The US Foreign Policy is a doctrine supported by the US Constitution and merited by various other bodies such as the UN. Thus, while the USA may not be directly involved in providing military supports to Israel, there are various levels of conflicts that the USA overlooks. Israel has been openly endorsed by the USA in damage of military to carry out anti-terror operations in Gaza Strip and West Bank. As a consort to the USA, Israel has boasted superpower status within the Middle East due to her military prowess. However, if the humanitarian clause of maintaining peace around the world in the US Foreign Policy holds, then the USA should withdraw suppo rt for Israel in order to apply diplomacy in approaching the

Parenting Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Parenting Today - Essay caseCognitive-behavioral therapy can help children improve their behavioral problems associated with poverty. Family education and support can help parents of poor children engender child development education and use it to improve psychological development of children. If I would have to soma an intervention method, I would focus on meeting childrens mental and physical health inevitably because it would help them become healthy and productive citizens in future.Some key ingredients to effective co-parenting include cooperation with the opposite parent, being honest to the other parent, showing self accountability, allowing children to benefit from the other parent, and taking mutual decisions is opt of children (Carter, 2009). Family rituals and routines are important because they are related to the well-being of family cultures and make children keep the foundations of their family cultures intact. The family rituals that I remember from my childishn ess include celebration of birthdays, celebrations of achievements, and respect for elders and

Analysis the case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis the case - Assignment ExampleThe be of changing the mentioned methods are cheap. Therefore, companies continually strive to implement late strategies to improve the quality and affordability their products in regularize to attract and maintain customers. Consequently, the competition is very(prenominal) high in the attention.New entrants the entrance rate of new players in the industry is low due to the following facts the existing companies have established, the capital requirement is very high, the constitute of setting up an efficient distribution chain is high, the cost of promotion is high, and the high cost of building a solid relationship with the suppliers. As a result, the mentioned high prices scare away the authorisation entrants.Substitute products the technological advancements provide a platform for the development of substitute products that pose threats to the movie term of a contract industry. There are several alternatives to movies-renting such as viewing of movies in theaters, watching movies on the television, profit based movie watching and others. Therefore, companies in the industry must carefully implement competitive determine strategies in order to counter the threat.Bargaining power of suppliers - the movie suppliers are many in the industry making the supply level of the movies high. Though suppliers have control of the quality of the products, their influence in the market concerning product prices is medium (supply is high).Bargaining power of customers the high sensitive nature of the customers to the product prices increases their influence to the products prices. In addition, since there are more efficient methods of viewing movies (substitute products), and that the switching cost is insignificant, price variations cause a massive customer migration. For instance, after Netflix separated the unlimited DVD and unlimited streaming, which saw the prices rise from $ 9.99 to $ 15.98 per month. Consequently, ap proximately 600,000 customers revoked their subscriptions. That indicates

Mao's propaganda with arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maos propaganda with subterfuges - Essay Example prowess propaganda was based on the cult of Mao and his unique vision of communist China. As a charismatic leader, he order propaganda to mass publics and mass media amplified political and social messages. Maos art propaganda was a product of the more egalitarian, participant forces that emerged in the communist China (Cheek 82). Unlike members of mass cultures, who were almost wholly dependent on their leaders for propaganda, members of the touristy culture have gained the ability to initiate messages as well as respond to them. The aim of art propaganda was to remold the individual (Brady 98).Art propaganda was a part of new mass culture created by Mao. On the domestic front, the new government introduced a system of rationing cards to purchase food, clothing, and other just now commodities essential for everyday living. Curbing and eliminating social ills also loomed large on the agenda, prompting government officials to ruptu re down on black marketeering, religion, and the sale of opium (Cushing and Tompkins 43). In the case of opium, the government imposed stiff shepherds crook penalties, including the execution of suppliers and dealers. By 1951 addiction to opium had fallen off sharply, enabling the government to focus more on the social consequences of drug abuse and on educational and rehabilitation programs for victims and users. The most extreme of this art propaganda was that which went below the name of the new republic and new social order established by Mao (Cushing and Tompkins 45). Art propaganda was one of the most effective and simple ways to influence Chinese society and form theme ideals and values. The propaganda was grounded in the needs of totalitarian society to create and exploit mass cultures. Art propaganda flowed from the leader, Mao, to the led, from a some to many, not from many to a few (Cheek 81). Posters and wallpapers were used to educate the peasants in the political pr ocess by making them aware of their political power and encouraging them to seize the land and kill their landlords. Following gentle (2002) He Mao recognized and admired the revolutionary potential of Chinas peasants that had resulted from centuries of feudal exploitation and oppression. He recognised, too, that conditions were deteriorating in the countryside receivable to the economic effects of imperialism and the political instability resulting from the collapse of the Qing dynasty and the division of China between hostile warlords (29).In fact, estimates of the number of counterrevolutionaries executed during the early period of Maos domestic revolution range between 1 and 3 million people, figures that raised the specter of a government-sanctioned reign of terror (Cheek 80).Emotional appeal was made in every major section of art propaganda, and even legal arguments were fundamentally based upon emotionalism. The effort was ceaselessly made to arouse fear and hate of the ca pitalists, and pity, love, and admiration for the workers and communist regime. A most important signifier of this technique was the practice of exploiting idealism. The Chinese

Proposal on The DREAM Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal on The reverie Act - Essay ExampleThis innovative economy would render immigration benefits to several materialisation individuals who be presently considered as illegal migrants in the country. And this is the very reason that why several lawmakers and analysts oppose this bill. For example, reputed immigration policy analyst Krikorian has asserted that all amnesties baffle at least three harmful consequences, and the DREAM Act ignores all three. The first of these is massive fraud. peradventure one-fourth of those legalized under the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act received amnesty fraudulently, including Mahmud Abouhalima, a attraction of the first World Trade Center attack. Hence, review of immigration enforcement is a precondition to the enactment of the proposed DREAM Act. Thesis Statement The DREAM Act can benefit both the US economy and the young immigrants in the country provided that immigration enforcement at heart the provisions of the proposed A ct is properly implemented and fraudulent practices are prevented. Benefits The DREAM Act seeks to legalize the undocumented youth and young adults in the country if they fulfill legitimate educational criteria and effort to obtain college graduation. From an economic viewpoint, legalization of unauthorized students can be an important bonus for them to work hard and graduate from a high school. This will improve their chances of obtaining higher education. Ultimately, the overall scrap of college graduates in the country will increase. College graduates obtain higher salaries and hence they will yield higher levy revenues as well. The increased financial contribution of the legalized educated immigrants will repay the necessary educational investments within a few years.

Children Youth and Environments Journal Essay Example for Free

Children Youth and Environments Journal EssayThe Role of the Youth in Establishing Unity in a Diversified Multicultural Society Years passed, adults imbibe tried to control youth because they represent the future. girlish mint often fight back, trying to create their own world that is separate from their parents. At the exterminate of World War II they were finally given a name teen-agers, an ideal of junior great deal as consumers.That model for youth spread around the world, and still exists today. Throughout history, young people have played an active role in shaping major social and political advancements. Todays growing globalization and cross-border movements create an environment, which is increasingly diverse in terms of culture and religion.Young peoples contribution to understanding the impact of this diversity on everyday life as soundly as politics is now more crucial than ever. Moreover, as they constitute the largest segment of population in many regions, th e role of youth in shaping their countrys response to cultural and spectral diversity is vital. We clearly see youth as an essential asset a crucial mob of talent, ideas and energy that plays a critical role in addressing the challenges related to global and local instability.We must rise control of this. We must motivate our youth. We must teach responsibility and goal setting. I fear if we do not we will soon be supporting an entire generation of homeless and needlessly on welfare families.Things have to change, with our schools, with the older generation be good role models, with the older generation being mentors, and with the youth who are right now doing nothing. We believe that it is important to recognize young peoples own contribution to promoting respect and understanding and fostering dialogue among people of different backgrounds. With teenage unemployment soaring, young people can no longer influence the world with their wallets. As student protests began explodin g across the domain this fall, we felt compelled to continues

Sherlock Homes Essay Example for Free

shamus Homes EssaySweeney Todd is the story of a barber and his partner in crime, Mrs. Lovett. Sweeney is a put on villain/hero. The story is considered to be fiction but there are rumors that it is based off of a historical event, though there has been no convincing evidence (Haining 1979, BBC 2005, and Duff 2006) . The story dates from roughly the middle 1800s and is an early example of a serial killer. The tale was found to originate in a penny serial entitled, The String of Pearls a Romance from Edward Lloyds The Peoples Periodical and Family Library. The String of Pearls was eventually published as a complete book and gained the title The Barber of Fleet Street. A Domestic Romance (PBS 2006). The very eldest stage performance of This tale was d ace as a melodrama in 1847. George Dibben Pitt adapted the serial as a melodrama and the story tool the stage at Hoxtons Britannia Theatre. In 1963 a film version of Sweeney Todd The heller Barber of Fleet Street was produced. Sweeney Todd has also made an appearance in an episode of The New Adventures of Sherlock Homes The Strange Case of the Demon Barber.The motive behind Sweeney Todds acts is not revealed until a stage adaption in 1973 when a playwritgh Christopher Bind Gave Sweeney a back story (PBS 2006). He was a wronged baber returned to England after 15 years of exile. He discovers his wife is absolutely and his enemy, the judge, has adopted his daughter with plans to marry her. Sweeney eventually teams up with Mrs. Lovett, his neighbor from at a lower place and they begin a self-made business. He as a barbar, killing some of his customers, and she makes pies using his dead customers as filling. every last(predicate) of his actions are focused on killing the judge.It wasnt until 1979 that Sweeney Todd was adapted into full musical comedy theater regalia. Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler adapted Bonds stage version in to a successful Broadway musical starring Len Cariou as Sweeney Todd and A ngela Lansbury as Mrs. Lovett, his partner in crime (Sondheim 1979). Over the years much adaptations have been produced for stage and television. Sweeney Todd arrived in movie theaters for a second time in 2007. Tim Burton adapted Stephen Sondheims musical for the big screen with Johnny Depp starring as Sweeney Todd and Helena Bonham-Carter as Mrs. Lovett (Burton 2007).A ongoing trend in the entertainment sector is to adapt musical theater into movies. Sweeney Todd follows in the footsteps of Chicago and Dreamgirls. All three award winning musical shows have been adapted into popular movies. Sweeney Todd has much more chronicle than these other shows and it is unknown if this fictional barber is based on real life events or nevertheless a fantastic and thrilling story. While the movie does a credible job of adapting the plot of Sweeney Todd one of the large differences between the film and musical is secondary character development.The musicals plot focuses around Sweeney Todd a nd his partner in crime Mrs. Lovett but you are also presented with the stories of Pirelli, the beadle, Joanna and Anthony, the judge and Sweeney Todds wife or as we find out at the end, the beggar woman. The movie incorporates these characters and bits of their stories. However their full story is not disclosed in the movie resulting in some stilted characters and underdeveloped plot lines, at least compared to the musical.

Watch Jack Neos Homerun Essay Example for Free

Watch Jack Neos Homerun EssayThese cardinal shows atomic number 18 very Singaporean. By this I mean that they contain many elements which are unique to my country, elements which only inwardly the paradigm of our society will resonate with local viewers. Homerun, an Asian re father of the internationally acclaimed Iranian motion picture Children of Heaven is a movie directed by Jack Neo, who is a local celebrity crush recognisen for his comedic prowess and the many comedy shows under his name. Police and robber is a relatively bracing weekly half-hour sitcom shown on Channel 5 which has yet to set a basis in the shopping centre of local earshots. These locally produced shows use, subjectively distinct techniques in many areas to invest the narrative to us while making use of our experiences as Singaporeans to help us understand and appreciate the shows from their base/ diagram to the surprises and nuances contained within. I will proceed to show you how the tech niques used are also more different than similar. A distinction between the two shows is the element of narration. Cause and effect is employed to effectively present the story or stories in the shows. It is not un car park to find secondary stories in an sequence of a situation comedy or sitcom.These are often inserted into the plot and often come together in conclusion at the end of the episode. In Police and Thief, the show starts off on this episode with leeward Tok Kong the main character of the show wanting to get under the blanket with his wife and due to common reasons of tiredness and falling asleep quickly, has his pleas ignored. This stab is related to how Tok Kong later reacts to the wiles of a less than archetypical femme fatale. in that location is another story inserted in between, which shows how the neighbours sons, Rudy and Rafi having an unspoken conflict over a common bash interest.This plot development has no explicit and implicit impact on the main story men tioned earlier. It almost feels bid tokenism has interpreted place, either to fill up the half hour of screen time or to maintain emphasis to the other characters in the sitcom. In Homerun, it is quickly established that poverty leads to a lack of options and because with the losing of shoe early into the movie, we delay the main cause in the show that explains later effects. The show revolves round how the main characters are thwarted at every attempt to obtain a new coupling of position or retrieve the old pair.We do not see scenes that have no relation back to any other. In fact the entire narration of Homerun is ab give away a search for a cause-shoes. both the shows have different range of stories. There is less suspense buildup in Police and Thief and this is in all likelihood due to restricted narration where both the audience and the characters in the show know the same breeding at relatively equal times. The only example of unrestricted narration in the recent e pisode was when Rudy cheated on his promise to his brother Rafi behind his back to get a chance to go out with the girl, Cecilia, they both like.Rafi only found it out in another scene when Cecilia whom similarly does not know of the conflict called their home. In this case, we know more than several characters in the show at a concomitant time. In Homerun, during the opening sequence of Chew Kiat Kun running errands for his family, it is quickly established that a rag-and-bone man had taken away the pair of shoes which Kiat Kun had put eat up. Kiat Kun has no idea how the shoes had mysteriously disappeared and hence his infant Seow Fang too. In this scene alone, a beautiful play on camera angle suffices to keep us in suspense till much later in the show.This seemingly passing top down close up scene of the gnarled hands removing the shoes helps to tug hard at our heart strings when we later realize the rag-and-bone man is blind. The above is a good example of how both restricted and unrestricted narration can be developed from one scene. We know who had taken away the shoes (unrestricted narration) but like the characters in the show we have no idea he was blind (restricted narration). These two shows belong to the 2 commonest genres in Singapore. Police and Thief can be classified as belong to the HDB genre.In fact this plot of this particular sitcom revolves around the conflict faced by two men who live in close proximity. It has an appeal particular to local viewers who are commensurate to appreciate the familiar settings. One example which we can relate to is the scene of Lily, Tok Kongs wife who repeats a plug line in a scene where her face is framed in the center of our common sr. HDB window panes. It is common to see neighbours walking and talking from the same angle for those who have lived in HDB flats.Homerun is a social commentary and even as it is based in 1965, the year Singapore became independent, it reflects on socio-political situations which were preponderant during the time of filming i. e. the water issue between Malaysia and Singapore. Another genre which is mixed into both these shows is the coffee tree shop genre, featuring many scenes of meeting and interactions at local coffee shops. We see this in Police and Thief where Tok Kong was being interviewed by a lady near the beginning of the show and in Homerun, Kiat Kun helps out his teacher from school who is close to collapsing from shortness of breath at a roadside coffee shop.There is unmistakable stereotyping in Police and Thief. Tok Kong is your typical mobster or Ah Beng in colloquial terms. He has wild, pointy gelled hair and wears coloured clothing, even for sleeping attire (Opening scenes). His heavily accented Singapore Colloquial English (SCE) (Dont play with my heart) and his love for techno music scream Ah Beng. He is put in direct contrast with his neighbour and antagonist in the show Sergeant Dollah who is a policeman. Dollah is characterize d with short hair, very neat and righteous.These stereotypes alone set the premise for tautness and conflict as neighbours. It is akin to Phua Chu Kang versus his sister-in-law Margaret. The stereotypes in Homerun broadly differentiate the rich and the poor. A simple equivalence can be made between Beng Soon and Kiat Kun, friends of opposite ends of the economic spectrum whose relationship sours then mends in the course of the show. Beng Soon is cast in shirts, clean with well-gelled hair (in school) and stands at a good conduct taller than Kiat Kun.His friend however is almost always soil, with smudges on his singlet and/or face. Even during a back of soccer, Beng Soon provides the soccer boots and he is the only one on the field with soccer socks. Tok Kong as the gangster also becomes an icon easily associated with local shows of similar genres. There is no obvious icon in Homerun. It uses a motif rather, to play out the story. There were multiple scenes of close ups of your Bata white or dirty shoes (in the shops or in the background with Seow Fangs face in the focus).Many scenes of tension started because of shoes e. g.the shoes slipping off and into a canal full of rushing water and even in the scene where Seow Fangs teacher paces as the children are exercising). These scenes feature changes in music, close ups with dialogue in the background, all to drawing card attention to the motif in the show. During the scene at the well with the confrontation between the two groups of boys, we see wealth being equated with power, that Beng Soon who was the rich one could actually decide who got to use the well. This is perhaps the directors political orientation portraying the way Malaysia hordes over us in the water issue.The premise of Homerun revolved around ternary things shoes, intelligence and power being associated with wealth. Jack Neo parodies the socio-political situation between Singapore and Malaysia using the lead elements with shoes being the water, Singapore being the more intelligent country and power that Malaysia holds over us due to their superior water resource. The two shows end differently too. The end of the sitcom is close without answered questions while the cryptic ending of Homerun earmarks us pondering what the director would have us think as we leave the cinema.There is no element of suspense left in Police and Thief to entice the audience to look out for the next episode, unlike a soap opera. Even as both shows make use of our experience to enhance our appreciation and understanding of the shows, they obviously use several different techniques and approximately similar ones to bring forth the essence of each individual story. These different methods highlight certain elements essential to the plot of the stories and ultimately help us to enjoy the shows as Singaporeans. Word Count 1512.

Microprocessor and Interfacing Essay Example for Free

Microprocessor and Interfacing EssayPeripherals and Interfacing PIO 8255 The parallel excitant- return carriage chip 8255 is also called as programmable marginal thingamajig gossip- end product behavior. The Intels 8255 is designed for use with Intels 8- insect kidnappinge, 16-bit and higher capability microprocessors. It has 24 gossip/ getup gets which may be one-on-onely programmed in 2 groups of twelve lines each, or threesome groups of 8er lines. The cardinal groups of I/O twilights atomic number 18 named as gathering A and multitude B. Each of these two groups contains a subgroup of eight I/O lines called as 8-bit stylehole and another subgroup of four lines or a 4-bit sort. indeed Group A contains an 8-bit porthole A along with a 4-bit port. C pep pill. PIO 8255 The port A lines be determine by symbols PA0-PA7 man the port C lines argon identified as PC4-PC7. Similarly, GroupB contains an 8-bit port B, containing lines PB0-PB7 and 4-bit port C with lower bits PC0- PC3. The port C upper and port C lower rump be apply in combination as an 8-bitport C. Both the port C are assigned the comparable manner of speaking. Thus one may have either three 8-bit I/O ports or two 8-bit and two 4-bit ports from 8255. alone of these ports bottomland function independently either as infix or as make ports.This can be achieved by computer programming the bits of an internal account of 8255 called as arrest word autobiography ( CWR ). PIO 8255 The internal block diagram and the pin configuration of 8255 are shown in fig. The 8-bit selective information raft caramel brown store is understandled by the read/write ascendence system of logic. The read/write simpleness logic manages all of the internal and external transfers of both entropy and control words. RD, WR, A1, A0 and RESET are the inputs provided by the microprocessor to the READ/ WRITE control logic of 8255. The 8-bit, 3-state bidirectional buffer is util ise to interface the 8255 internal entropy jitney with the external carcass data bus.PIO 8255 This buffer secures or transmits data upon the execution of input or output steerings by the microprocessor. The control words or status information is also transferred through the buffer. The signal description of 8255 are briefly presented as follows PA7-PA0 These are eight port A lines that acts as either latched output or buffered input lines depending upon the control word loaded into the control word register. PC7-PC4 Upper nibble of port C lines. They may act as either output latches or input buffers lines. PIO 8255 This port also can be used for generation of handshake lines in regularity 1 or musical sensory system 2. PC3-PC0 These are the lower port C lines, other details are the same as PC7-PC4 lines. PB0-PB7 These are the eight port B lines which are used as latched output lines or buffered input lines in the same way as port A. RD This is the input line driv en by the microprocessor and should be low to guide read operating room to 8255. WR This is an input line driven by the microprocessor. A low on this line indicates write outgrowth. PIO 8255 CS This is a chip select line.If this line goes low, it enables the 8255 to respond to RD and WR signals, otherwise RD and WR signal are neglected. A1-A0 These are the address input lines and are driven by the microprocessor. These lines A1-A0 with RD, WR and CS from the future(a) operations for 8255. These address lines are used for addressing any one of the four registers, i. e. three ports and a control word register as given in table below. In case of 8086 systems, if the 8255 is to be interfaced with lower order data bus, the A0 and A1 pins of 8255 are connected with A1 and A2 respectively.RD 0 0 0 0 RD 1 1 1 1 RD X 1 WR 1 1 1 1 WR 0 0 0 0 WR X 1 CS 0 0 0 0 CS 0 0 0 0 CS 1 0 A1 0 0 1 1 A1 0 0 1 1 A1 X X A0 0 1 0 1 A0 0 1 0 1 A0 X X Input (Read) cycle embrasure A to data bus mie n B to data bus Port C to information bus CWR to Data bus getup ( pull through) cycle Data bus to Port A Data bus to Port B Data bus to Port C Data bus to CWR Function Data bus tristated Data bus tristated simpleness parole Register PIO 8255. D0-D7 These are the data bus lines those carry data or control word to/from the microprocessor. RESET A logic high on this line clears the control word register of 8255.All ports are set as input ports by default later on reset. Block diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) 1. 2. 3. 4. It has a 40 pins of 4 groups. Data bus buffer Read spell control logic Group A and Group B controls Port A, B and C Data bus buffer This is a tristate bidirectional buffer used to interface the 8255 to system databus. Data is transmittable or received by the buffer on execution of input or output instruction by the CPU. retain word and status information are also transferred through this unit. Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. )Read /Write control logic This unit accepts control signals ( RD, WR ) and also inputs from address bus and issues commands to individual group of control blocks ( Group A, Group B). It has the following pins. a) CS Chipselect A low on this declivity enables the communication between CPU and 8255. b) RD (Read) A low on this pin enables the CPU to read the data in the ports or the status word through data bus buffer. Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) WR ( Write ) A low on this pin, the CPU can write data on to the ports or on to the control register through the data bus buffer. ) RESET A high on this pin clears the control register and all ports are set to the input mode e) A0 and A1 ( Address pins ) These pins in sexual union with RD and WR pins control the selection of one of the 3 ports. Group A and Group B controls These block receive control from the CPU and issues commands to their respective ports. c) Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) Group A PA and PCU ( PC7 -PC4) Group B PCL ( PC3 PC0) Control word register can only be written into no read operation of the CW register is allowed. a) Port A This has an 8 bit latched/buffered O/P and 8 bit input latch. It can be programmed in 3 modes mode 0, mode 1, mode 2. b) Port B This has an 8 bit latched / buffered O/P and 8 bit input latch. It can be programmed in mode 0, mode1. Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture). c) Port C This has an 8 bit latched input buffer and 8 bit out put latched/buffer. This port can be divided into two 4 bit ports and can be used as control signals for port A and port B. it can be programmed in mode 0. directions of function of 8255 (cont.. ) These are two basic modes of operation of 8255.I/O mode and moment hardened-Reset mode (BSR). In I/O mode, the 8255 ports work as programmable I/O ports, while in BSR mode only port C (PC0-PC7) can be used to set or reset its individual port bits. Under the I/O mode of operation, further there are thr ee modes of operation of 8255, so as to support different types of applications, mode 0, mode 1 and mode 2. ways of subroutine of 8255 (cont.. ) BSR modality In this mode any of the 8-bits of port C can be set or reset depending on D0 of the control word. The bit to be set or reset is selected by bit select fleur-de-lyss D3, D2 and D 1 of the CWR as given in table. I/O Modes a) Mode 0 ( Basic I/O mode ) This mode is also called as basic input/output mode. This mode provides simple input and output capabilities using each of the three ports. Data can be simply read from and written to the input and output ports respectively, after appropriate initialisation. D3 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Selected bits of port C D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 BSR Mode CWR Format PA 8 2 5 5 PCU PCL PA6 PA7 PC4 PC7 PC0-PC3 PB PB0 PB7 8 2 5 5 PA PCU PCL PB PA PC PB0 PB7 All output Port A and Port C acting as O/P. Port B acting as I/PMode 0 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont. . ) 1. The undischarged features of this mode are as listed below Two 8-bit ports ( port A and port B )and two 4-bit ports (port C upper and lower ) are available. The two 4-bit ports can be combinedly used as a third 8-bit port. every port can be used as an input or output port. Output ports are latched. Input ports are not latched. A maximum of four ports are available so that boilersuit 16 I/O configuration are possible. All these modes can be selected by programming a register internal to 8255 known as CWR. 2. 3. 4. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. The control word register has two formats. The first format is valid for I/O modes of operation, i. e. modes 0, mode 1 and mode 2 while the second format is valid for bit set/reset (BSR) mode of operation. These formats are shown in following fig. D7 1 D6 X D5 X D4 X D3 D2 D1 D0 0- Reset 0-for BSR mode Bit select flags D3, D2, D1 are from 000 to 111 for bits PC0 TO PC71- execute I/O Mode Control watchword Register Format and B SR Mode Control Word Register Format PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 RD CS GND A1 A0 PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PB0 PB1 PB2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 WR Reset D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Vcc PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 8255A 8255A Pin Configuration = D0-D7 CS RESET 8255A A0 A1 RD PA0-PA7 PC4-PC7 PC0-PC3 PB0-PB7 Vcc WR GND Signals of 8255 3 Group A control 1 D0-D7 Data bus Buffer 8 bit int data bus 4 Group A Port A(8) PA0-PA7 Group A Port C upper(4) Group B Port C Lower(4) PC7-PC4 PC0-PC3 2 RD WR A0 A1 RESET CS Block Diagram of 8255 READ/ WRITE Control Logic Group B control PB7-PB0 Group B Port B(8) D7 D6 D5 Mode for Port A D4 PA D3 PC U D2 Mode for PB D1 PB D0 PC LMode Set flag 1- brisk voice 0- BSR mode Group A 1 Input PC u 0 Output 1 Input PA 0 Output 00 mode 0 Mode 01 mode 1 Select of PA 10 mode 2 Group B PCL PB Mode Select 1 Input 0 Output 1 Input 0 Output 0 mode- 0 1 mode- 1 Control Word Format o f 8255 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) b) Mode 1 ( Strobed input/output mode ) In this mode the handshaking control the input and output action of the contract port. Port C lines PC0-PC2, provide stroboscope or handshake lines for port B. This group which includes port B and PC0-PC2 is called as group B for Strobed data input/output. Port C lines PC3-PC5 provide strobe lines for port A.This group including port A and PC3-PC5 from group A. Thus port C is utilized for generating handshake signals. The salient features of mode 1 are listed as follows Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) 1. 2. 3. 4. Two groups group A and group B are available for strobed data transfer. Each group contains one 8-bit data I/O port and one 4-bit control/data port. The 8-bit data port can be either used as input and output port. The inputs and outputs both are latched. Out of 8-bit port C, PC0-PC2 are used to generate control signals for port B and PC3-PC5 are used to generate control signals for p ort A. he lines PC6, PC7 may be used as independent data lines. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) The control signals for both the groups in input and output modes are explained as follows Input control signal definitions (mode 1 ) STB( Strobe input ) If this lines go to logic low level, the data available at 8-bit input port is loaded into input latches. IBF ( Input buffer full ) If this signal rises to logic 1, it indicates that data has been loaded into latches, i. e. it works as an acknowl frame inment. IBF is set by a low on STB and is reset by the rising edge of RD input.Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) INTR ( Interrupt request ) This active high output signal can be used to interrupt the CPU whenever an input stratagem requests the service. INTR is set by a high STB pin and a high at IBF pin. INTE is an internal flag that can be controlled by the bit set/reset mode of either PC4 (INTEA) or PC2(INTEB) as shown in fig. INTR is reset by a falling edge of RD inpu t. Thus an external input device can be request the service of the processor by putting the data on the bus and sending the strobe signal. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. Output control signal definitions (mode 1) OBF (Output buffer full ) This status signal, whenever falls to low, indicates that CPU has written data to the specified output port. The OBF flip-flop will be set by a rising edge of WR signal and reset by a low going edge at the ACK input. ACK ( live input ) ACK signal acts as an acknowledgement to be given by an output device. ACK signal, whenever low, informs the CPU that the data transferred by the CPU to the output device through the port is received by the output device.Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) INTR ( Interrupt request ) Thus an output signal that can be used to interrupt the CPU when an output device acknowledges the data received from the CPU. INTR is set when ACK, OBF and INTE are 1. It is reset by a falling edge on WR input. The INTEA and INTEB flags are controlled by the bit set-reset mode of PC 6and PC2 respectively. 1 0 1 0 Input control signal definitions in Mode 1 1/0 X X X 1 X X X X 1 1 X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 Input 0 Output For PC6 PC7 PA0 PA7 INTEA PC4 PC5 STBA IBFA D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0PB0 PB7 INTEB PC 2 PC1 STBB IBFB PC3 RD PC6 PC7 INTRA I/O PC0 INTR A Mode 1 Control Word Group A I/P RD Mode 1 Control Word Group B I/P STB IBF INTR RD DATA from Peripheral Mode 1 Strobed Input Data Transfer WR OBF INTR ACK Data OP to Port Mode 1 Strobed Data Output Output control signal definitions Mode 1 1 0 1 0 1/0 X X X 1 X X X X 1 0 X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 Input 0 Output For PC4 PC5 PA0 PA7 INTEA PC7 PC6 OBF ACKA D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PB0 PB7 INTEB PC PC2 1 OBFB ACKB PC3 WR PC4 PC5 PC0 INTRA I/O INTRB Mode 1 Control Word Group AMode 1 Control Word Group B Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) Mode 2 ( Strobed bidirectional I/O ) This mode of operation of 8255 is also called as strobed bidirectional I/O. This mode of operation provides 8255 with an additional features for communicating with a peripheral device on an 8-bit data bus. Handshaking signals are provided to maintain proper data flow and synchronisation between the data transmitter and receiver. The interrupt generation and other functions are similar to mode 1. In this mode, 8255 is a bidirectional 8-bit port with handshake signals.The RD and WR signals decide whether the 8255 is going to operate as an input port or output port. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Salient features of Mode 2 of 8255 are listed as follows The single 8-bit port in group A is available. The 8-bit port is bidirectional and additionally a 5-bit control port is available. triad I/O lines are available at port C. ( PC2 PC0 ) Inputs and outputs are both latched. The 5-bit control port C (PC3-PC7) is used for generating / accepting handshake signals for the 8-bit data transfer on port A.Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont .. ) Control signal definitions in mode 2 INTR (Interrupt request) As in mode 1, this control signal is active high and is used to interrupt the microprocessor to ask for transfer of the coterminous data byte to/from it. This signal is used for input ( read ) as soundly as output ( write ) operations. Control Signals for Output operations OBF ( Output buffer full ) This signal, when falls to low level, indicates that the CPU has written data to port A. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) ACK ( Acknowledge ) This control input, when falls to logic low level, acknowledges that the previous data byte is received by the destination and next byte may be sent by the processor. This signal enables the internal tristate buffers to send the next data byte on port A. INTE1 ( A flag associated with OBF ) This can be controlled by bit set/reset mode with PC6 . Control signals for input operations STB (Strobe input ) A low on this line is used to strobe in the data into the input la tches of 8255. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) IBF ( Input buffer full ) When the data is loaded into input buffer, this ignal rises to logic 1. This can be used as an acknowledge that the data has been received by the receiver. The waveforms in fig show the operation in Mode 2 for output as well as input port. Note WR must occur forwards ACK and STB must be activated before RD. WR OBF INTR ACK STB IBF Data bus RD Mode 2 Bidirectional Data Transfer Data from 8085 Data towards 8255 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) The following fig shows a schematic diagram containing an 8-bit bidirectional port, 5-bit control port and the relation of INTR with the control pins. Port B can either be set to Mode 0 or 1 with port A( Group A ) is in Mode 2. Mode 2 is not available for port B. The following fig shows the control word. The INTR goes high only if either IBF, INTE2, STB and RD go high or OBF, INTE1, ACK and WR go high. The port C can be read to know the status of the peripher al device, in equipment casualty of the control signals, using the normal I/O instructions. D7 1 D6 1 D5 X D4 X D3 X D2 1/0 D1 1/0 D0 1/0 1/0 mode Port A mode 2 Port B mode 0-mode 0 1- mode 1 PC2 PC0 1 Input 0 Output Port B 1- I/P 0-O/P Mode 2 control word PC3 PA0-PA7 INTR INTE 1 PC7 PC6 OBF ACK STB IBF 3 I/O INTE 2 RD WR PC4 PC5 Mode 2 pins

Drama - Blood Brothers Response Essay Example for Free

Drama Blood Brothers Response EssayBlood brothers is a fib which was written in 1981 as a school play and take ond a range of themes which inspection and repair the audience understand and step for the story rather than just watching it. The themes in this play include poverty, innocence, love, games, belief and superstition. I feel that the key themes that control the play are chance and society of the succession and I feel that most of the story circles around these themes and most even offts are ca delectationd by these themes. To emphasize the themes in the play, we created a three minute version of the play which consisted of still images, narration and stylised movement. We decided to transgress the play into four pricks which were baby years, small fryhood, 14 17 years and 20+ years. We decided that we would show the tolerant a route of the baby as this allows the rest of the story to flow. If it wasnt for this specific scene, the story wouldnt have happened a s the cock-a-hoop away of peerless twin is a significant event in the play. This excessively allowed us to pass on emotion to our flip as this is one of the several events which separate people into two opinions. For the second section (which was childhood) we include images of them first meeting, playing games, two of the mothers separating Mickey and Eddie and Mrs Johnstone cock-a-hoop the locket to Eddie.My group and I felt that these were also important events in the play in fact one of the main themes in the play is games which relates to the robbery and overall shooting of twain twins later on. For 14 -17 years, we decided to show both children creation suspended from school, the meet up between friends with the devil narration on top which we intellection allowed our slice to flow making it easier to understand. At the last stage, 20+, we performed four still images which include an unemployment scene, Lindas pregnancy, Eddie and Linda being together and finally the shooting with the second half of the images having the mad man narration over the topTheres a mad man running round and roundYou know the devils got your numberYou know hes responsibility beside youHes screamin thickheaded inside youAnd someone express hes callin your number up todayTodayTodayTODAYThis tack together of narration was used in our three minute version of the play as we thought that it summed up a pile of the happenings in this age group and is a constant theme doneout the play. I put up that the best way to tell this story within the three minutes was to use distinguishable techniques which allowed expressing and stressing of several moments in a play making it more effective. In our three minute version, this included levels, space and marking the moment. One example of these entire three put together was when both boys got expelled. We had the flesh sitting down at the back man the t each(prenominal)er was standing up straight looking for down on one pupil who was higher than the class but lower than the teacher. This made use of levels, space and also marked the moment by focusing on the locket.We decided to make the giving away of the baby the most significant point in the play. This is because the whole of the story centres on this point, and if it wasnt for this event, none of the other events would have happened. To mark this moment, we used narration which was originally placed over the point where Mrs Johnstone was scarcely considering giving the baby to Mrs Lyons.How quickly and idea, planted, canTake root and grow into a plan.The thought conceived in this very roomGrew as surely as a seed, in a mothers wombThis piece of narration allowed us to realise how the event they are seeing came into being.We found that forum theatre was a very useful technique to bring Mickeys monologue to life. Forum theatre was used to change the way we said lines and how to put expression, feeling and life to the lines which in turn make the monologue a lot more vibrant and interesting. The way we performed forum theatre was to have someone acting out a verse of the poem. We then got the audience to comment and suggest improvements. We then acted the verse out again and iterate the process until we were happy with it. Below is the verse we performed.Y know our Sammy,He draws nudey women,Without arms, or legs or even headsIn the baths, when he goes swimmin.But Im not allowed to go to the baths,Me Mam says I have to wait,Cos I magnate get drowned, cos Im only seven,But Im not, Im nearly eight.We started off with the beginning of the verse being said in a very secretive way although it was put in the category of secret in a child which meant that it had to be told something I had felt many a eon when I was a young child which also meant my body was slightly crouched and slightly tense. I used the same fetch to goggle at what Sammy was able to do when he went swimming. Then disappointment kicks in when I knock against But Im not allowed as my voice goes slower and my body slumps and when the mother comes on I re-enact a rather rude hand motion usually used when someone is too talkative while the mother reads her quote. The last line is said in a way of self-pity making the source feel sorry for himself which I have felt many times when I was a young child and feeling as if my parents were deriving me of all of the worlds pleasures.In this monologue I learnt that Mickey was a character who always lossed more and wanted something someone else had that he hadnt which is an apparent characteristic of Mickey throughout the play. It also helped me realise that it was more than just a greedy feeling as the feeling was a lot deeper and it was if the world had forgotten about him but not the others who lived in the world around him. As I said before, forum theatre had helped me find these characteristics as it helped shape what had been written. It was as if there were a lot of muddled thoughts and bot h me and the audience were helping to piece it together properly so we could both get an idea on how the character was really like and how the character really felt.For individual impromptu improvisation, I acted as Mrs Johnstone where I was looking at both babies and playing with them as if it were my last time with both of them. Of course, at the time my character would have not known which baby would have been interpreted and because of this, I acted in a way as if it were the last time for Mrs Johnstone to see both of them. My thought track for this piece was I cant believe this is happening and it would have been hard to come to footing with something which could potentially change someones life, especially when it is your own son. This closing was both challenged and supported by a technique called a conscience corridor which we used to find the pros and cons of giving the baby away which was then fired to somebody stepping into the shoes of Mrs Johnstone.Feeling the confu sed and mixed feelings, it gave us a chance to make our own decision as if we were that character. Some pros included having money, less stress, a better life for your son, less work. Some cons included the guilt of your child being bought, splitting up a natural bond given to both children, more stress as you worry and having to cover it up from the outside world. The conscience corridor was put into treat by splitting the class in half and putting them up as two sides to create a human corridor. We then got a member of our class to walk up while each person in the wall said the pros and cons. When the person in the middle finishes walking up through the corridor, he/she tells us his/her decision.In this situation, I wrote a journal entry as Mrs Johnstone. I typed my diary entry up belowI cant believe it is happening. So close to the time where one of my beloved babies would be given away to my employer. I am sure that I am doing the right thing I cant afford to give them both a good life and Mrs Lyons does want a baby so badly. Even so, I feel I am breaking a natural bond given to them both which makes me unsure on whether I should do it. I am in a situation which I would never wish on any mother.Overall, I found that explorative strategies helped us understand Blood Brothers as it allowed us to see what usually are clandestine thoughts and feelings of characters. It also allows us to get into character and realise how events and other actions are performed by the character.

Homonyms and antonyms Essay Example for Free

Homonyms and antonyms Essay rowing identical in form but quite unalike in their essence and distribution be called homonyms 1, 74. Homonym is a word that is spelt like another word (or pronounced like it) but which has a diametrical meaning 2, 464. The term is derided from Greek homonymous (homos the same and onoma name) and thus expresses very well the humdrum of name combined with the difference in meaning The traditional formal classification of homonyms is as follows 1. Homonyms strait-laced which atomic number 18 identical both in sound and spelling, e. g. ballock () ball (), hail () hail (). 2. partial derivative homonyms are subdivided into1) Homographs which are identical in spelling but different in sound, e.g. bow/bou/()-bow/bau/( ), drag /led/ () lead/lid/ (). 2) Homoph geniuss which are identical in sound but different in spelling, e.g. key () quay (), sow () sew () 1, 74. Homonyms may be classified by the type of their meaning. In this case one should distinguish between 1. Lexical homonyms which belong to the same part of dustup, e.g. plane n. () manifest n. (), light a. () light a. (). 2. Grammatical homonyms which belong to different parts of speech, e.g. row v. () row n.(), weather n. () whether conj. (). 3. Homoforms which are identical only in some paradigm constituents, e.g. scent n. sent (Past Ind. and Past Part. of send), seize v. sees (Pr.Ind., 3d p.sing. of see) 1, 74.Professor A.I. Smirnitsky classified homonyms into two large classes 1)Full homonyms are wrangling, which represent the same category of parts of speech and clear the same paradigm, e.g. wren n. (a member of the Womens Royal Naval Service) wren n. (a bird). 2)Partial homonyms are subdivided into one-third subgroups a) Simple lexico-grammatical partial homonyms are words, which belong to the same category of parts of speech. Their paradigms have only one identical form, but it is never the same form, e.g. (to) found v. found v. (past indef., past part. of to find), (to) lay .v lay .v (past indef. of to guile). b) knotty lexico-grammatical partial homonyms are words of different categories of parts of speech, which have identical form in their paradigms, e.g. uprise n. rose v. (past indef. of to rise), maid n made v (past indef., past part. of to make). c) Partial lexical homonyms are words of the same category of parts of speech which are identical only in their corresponding forms, e.g. to lie (lay, lain) v. to lie (lied, lied) v., to hang (hung, hung) v. to hang (hanged, hanged) v 1,74.Examples1) Its made out of wood. The skaters would normally perform their stunts and tricks there, may explains (5, 12). 2) A half pipe can be dangerous. Skateboarders wear protective gear, whitethorn points out. Staying safe is important, bombilate agrees. Now where is my notebook?(5, 13). 3) Good luck Buzz tells May. Go take the lead in this disceptation I feel nervous, May says. My legs feel as if they are made of lead (5 , 24). 4) May I sail with you in May? (9, 31).5) Mouse Deer, Im very glad to have such dear friends (6, 12). 6) But hes unable to see that Oscar prefer his presence to his presents in one case in a while(11). 7) Its my birthday present to him. I can fill in, Ollie says. Id be happy to present the Big Air Jam, with Buzz (5, 18). 8) Dad, buy me a ballBye, Osc, Im in a hurry, answered Mark and hung on (11, 135). 9) What a nice scent, Nicky Hilary Duff With revere? asked Ally. Ughmn. My father sent it to me last Christmas, said Nicky climbing the ladder (11, 66). (10)Id like to go to the sea. I think its amazing to see the autumn sunset, said Carolyn a bit enigmatically (12, 45).AntonymsWords that have directly opposite meanings are called antonyms 1, 73. Antonym is a word with a meaning that is opposite to the meaning of another word 3, 58. Antonyms fall into two main groups 1. Root antonyms (those which are different root), e.g. long short, up down, to start to finish, and so for th 2. Affixal antonyms (in which special affixes or their absence express semantic opposition), e.g. hopeful hopeless, happy unhappy, appear disappear, etc. 1, 73. Polysemantic words usually have antonyms for each of their lexico-semantic variants a dull knife a sharp knife, a dull boy a bright boy, etc. Examples1) Flash Wiggins makes scoring look easy, Harold tells Cassy. But beating the goalie is difficult (8, 210). 2) Krupp and Smythe worked together to even the score, Harold adds. vigour can tear them apart (8, 77). 3) You can help me make this rough ice smooth once again says the driver (8, 93). 4) Father Bear Im Father Bear, and I sit in this broad big chair. Baby Bear Im Baby Bear and I sit in that little chair (10, 23). 5) Ah, but sometimes it is more courageous to do the right thing, than rebel and do the wrong thing, you know, she said softly, meeting my eye (11, 119).6) He blushed and suddenly paled from nerves at the situation he was in (11, 25). 7) Oh, no, Nicky For you its hard, but for meits very easy. I have known him for ages (11, 81). 8) And then we couldnt sleep in the spacious room after being promised. But I suppose, it will be better to sleep in narrow rooms (4, 211). 9) Anne had a young, brighter face and more delicate features than the others Marilla axiom at her and felt herself old enough to change her life (4, 267). 10) I can and A-n-n looks dreadful, but A n n e looks so much more distinguished, but call me Cordelia It looks wonderful (4, 43). magnetic inclination of literature1. .., .. . . , 2001. 117 . 2. Agnes M. Websters New World College Dictionary / M. Agnes, D. B.Guralnik. Cleveland IDG Books Worldwide Ink., 2000. 1716 p. 3. Oxford Paperback Thesaurus / Maurice Waite. Oxford New York Oxford University Press, 2006. 930 p. 4. .. , / , , , .. , .. . , 2008. 440 . 5. Anna Prokos. Half-Pipe Homonyms / Prokos Anna. Gareth Stevens, 2009. 27 p. 6. Any Talbot. Deer and His D ear Friends a tale from India / Talbot Any. Benchmark Education Company, 2006. 16 p. 7. Catherine Alliot. The Real affaire / Alliot Catherine. Headline Book Publishing, 1996. 471 p. 8. Claudia Pattison. Wow / Pattison Claudia. Pan Books, 2001. 374 p. 9. Judy Goodard. Fun with homonyms / Goodard Judy. Industry Way Westminster, 2005. 43 p. 10. Karma Wilson. Bear waistcloth up for Christmas / Wilson Karma. Margaret K. McElderry Books, 2011. 40 p. 11. Melissa Nathan. Learning Curve / Nathan Melissa. Arrow Books, 2006. 549 p. 12. Robert Waller. The Bridges of Madison County / Waller Robert. Great Britain mandarin orange tree Paperbacks, 1995. 171 p.

Knowing and Knowledge Essay Example for Free

Knowing and Knowledge raiseOf Mary TMCCA Patterns of Knowing and Knowledge It is suggested that there are five patterns of intimate and companionship in treat. A throw must(prenominal) win and balance all of these patterns of companionship in order to be effective. As in all of nursing, adjudges refine these patterns with experience and reflection through with(predicate)out his or her career. This knowledge is interrelated, interdependent and overlapping.Nurse, as any early(a) profession develop their own pattern of knowledge as p artistic production of their profession, nursing organism a unique profession with a unique pattern of knowledge be clear it requires in spread abroadectual knowledge, technological skill and is considered an art (Rutty, J. E. 1998). The first pattern of knowledge is emancipatory knowledge. This concept repugns the nurse to recognize the sometimes-subtle social and political ramifications influencing his or her practice and patient care.Th e nurse must first recognize that something is wrong, and then have the fortitude to meet the challenge to attempt to change the perspective quo (Chinn angstrom Kramer, 2011). Hegemony is the ability of a certain ag group or dominant class to influence or control another population or group and influence them to accept their view. The hospital environment and kins within them sack up be considered hegemonic, therefore, nurses learn early in their education that is conflict is common between hierarchies within institutions. Nurses learn early in their careers that hegemony dope cause disharmony in their practice (Clare, 1993).In order to utilize this practice or pattern of subtile the nurse must question not only what is wrong with the shew but also who is benefiting from the status quo. It is assumed that the dis returnsd population or individual is not free to choose from the options that more(prenominal) advantage persons would be able to choose. The nurse must ask criti cal questions such as what is wrong with this picture and who is benefiting by keeping the status quo (Chinn axerophthol Kramer, 2011). Ethical knowledge in nursing has to do with doing no harm and doing what is respectable. Ethics asks what is flop and who is responsible?Nurses are challenges daily in clarifying their values and exploring their alternatives when ethical dilemmas occur in practice. Various techniques that can be utilized for this process, however the nurse must be aware that this process is likely to be emotionally charged, as it will challenge his or her deeply held values and belief system. The nurse must also explore other avenues of soundness to the problem from the viewpoint of facts and logic. The use of an ethical decision tree is often useful when making an ethical decision, as it add clarity to the blank space.Ethical knowledge in nursing operates within fundamental promontory and codes. These include such principles of autonomy and benevolence. The se are guides to our practice of what the right thing to do (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). Griepps model of ethical decision making suggests that the nurse has face-to-face belief systems and values however through education and knowledge development has the ability to change his or her beliefs or values. The nurse has the responsibility to ceaselessly be aware of outside influences on his or her decision-making and carry out right behavior and knowledge (Griepp, 1992).Ethical and Moral Comportment is a term that refers to how nurses or individual make outs or acts honorablely congress to what they know ethically. This requires the nurse to integrate all patterns of knowledge into the decision-making process. Ethics being the knowledge of what is right, morality being the behavior or heart of what is right and is based on values. An individual has moral integrity when they behave in a manner that is consistent with their ethical motive. When nurses are unable or unwilling to maintai n moral integrity they get moral distress. There are four types common ethical perspective in nursing.Teleology refers to what is right produces good. This concept often refers to the justification for the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Deontology refers to the principle that what is right may not necessarily produce a good number. When this principle is followed, it may be the right thing to do in the circumstance, but may cause harm. These two principles are often in conflict. The principle of relativism suggests that what is right in mavin culture or society may be contrastive on another. This suggest that depending on time and place in history, what is right may change.Virtue ethics suggests that the person involved is important in the decision- making. The character and values or virtues of the person determines the ethical decisions made. The translation of virtue can be troubling when utilizing this principle, especially when referring to nurses as it is comprised of a high percentage of women, whose virtues campaign to be obedience, submissiveness and self-sacrificing (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). Personal knowledge is the most difficult knowledge for nurses to describe and develop as it takes much introspection, interaction and experience.It is complex and unique to each person yet fundamentally one of the most important patterns of knowing (Rutty, 1998). Personal knowing is rooted in the central questions of do I know what I do? And Do I do what I know? This concept is weird in nature as ones values, attitude and hopes are linked to what they know about themselves and how they view the world, bliss and suffering, realities, and how each person learns to be authentic and genuine. Personal knowledge is guided and learned by self-reflection, personal stories and being ones genuine self. The creative process of opening and centering guides it.This process allows the nurse to be set up fully with other individuals, and develop the s trength and character to be authentic and genuine with others. This allows the nurse to give way meaning to the experiences he or she has lived (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). Once knowledge is obtained, it becomes personal knowledge this is get off the ground of our humanness. At times, the nurse must become uncomfortable in order to seek out personal knowledge as he or she explores and reflects (Sweeney, 1994). Personal knowing is how a nurse just knows something is about to lapse or about a space or another person.Personal knowing is the experience of the view without conscious reason (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). Personal knowing is what leads the nurse to intuitive thinking. He or she cannot tell you why she has this feeling that this will happen, he or she just knows (Sweeney, 1994). When the nurse has a strong hotshot of personal knowing it is empowering and gives the nurse a sense of community. The nurse values human life more fully and is more giving to others as he or she is m ore authentic and genuine both(prenominal) with him or herself and with others as they must attempt to view the perception of others (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011).Aesthetic knowledge is the art of nursing and how nurses find meaning and significance in each situation. This pattern of knowledge provides the nurse with cortical potential into the human condition. This insight gives the nurse appreciation and inspiration for the practice of nursing. This pattern of knowing and insight allows the nurse to know the unique meaning to unique situations and transform problematic situations into therapeutic situations instantaneously. As in other patterns of knowing this pattern utilizes creativity by the nurse.The nurse must envision the possibility of the best outcome for a given situation and design through experience of past knowledge and present relationship and state as the situation takes place. This must integrate all patterns of knowing in order to be effective. While this is underemph asized in nursing practice, it is and integral part of nursing history. It is the heart of nursing excellence as it embodies mind, consistency and spirit to form the art and caring of nursing. This pattern of knowing takes discipline on the part of the nurse, as he or she must rehearse situations in advance (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011).This pattern of knowing requires the nurse to be fully engaged and he or she must interpret each situation by looking beyond what is happening at the moment and envisioning various possibilities. One cannot fully explain in the form of verbiage the art of nursing, however the nurse shows the art through interactions and skills (Mantzorou amp Mastrogiannis, 2011). This pattern of knowing requires the nurse to know what it means to experience health as well as illness. Synchronous movements with ones language are important in this knowledge.The art of body language and touch is incarnate with language skills. Eye contact, touch, facial expressions, tone and language skills are all important. When the nurses body language and tone matches what he or she is saying and he or she engages in therapeutic touch, language skills and body language skills a therapeutic environment is created. This therapeutic environment translates to aesthetic nursing (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). empirical knowledge can be viewed as the science of nursing. This is the knowledge that is based on the senses.What can the nurse see, hear, touch, smell and possibly taste. They are the facts, figures, graphs, descriptions, and predictive relationships. Empirics can be validated and are viewed the analogous by all individuals, they are concrete (Mantzorou amp Mastrogiannis, 2011). This being said, there are several dimensions to empiric knowledge as one must define the conceptual meaning of any given explicate or concept as it may have different meaning dependent on culture, the situation it is used, or past experience of the person imagining that word. Some conce pts are based n continuums. The concepts of cardio-vascular health can be defined in many ways along the continuum. It would need to be more specifically defined along the continuum in order to be valid and clarifies an empiric concept. This creates identifies assumptions, clarifies context for theories, and designs relationship statements. Empiric theory can be defined in a number of ways. Chinn and Kramer (2011) describe empiric theory as A creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that projects a tentative, utilizationful and systematic view of phenomena.This process requires creativity, rigor, structure, purpose and tentativeness on the part of the nurse (Chinn amp Kramer, 2011). The fundamental concept of the servant leadership is relationship. One must have relationship with self and with others. This relationship relates to nursing as relationships and personal knowledge and self-reflection is an integral answer of all patterns of knowledge. Listening, self- awareness, em pathy, foresight and personal and professional growth all contribute to healing of self and others by a servant leader.

Vladimir Putin & successor Essay Example for Free

Vladimir Putin successor EssayVladimir Putin was the hand-picked successor of Boris Yeltsin and was elected as the president of the Russian confederation in 2000. After earning a law degree in 1975, Putin joined the KGB, the security force of the originator Soviet Union. He spent years working primarily in East Ger more, so left wing the service in 1991 and became active in the politics of St. Petersburg. He was brought to Moscow by Yeltsin in 1996 and served as an administrator in the Kremlin and an official for the security organizations which replaced the KGB. In 1999, Putin became Yeltsins fifth prime minister in 17 months, and then became acting president when Yeltsin left office. He was officially elected to the office in 2000 and then re-elected in a landslide vote in March of 2004 (Montinola 148). Putin moved quickly to reassert the profound governments authority over the various republics, regions, and other administrative units and has sought to exert control over elements of the free-lance media. He also has worked to revamp, and reduce the size of, the military.He won enactment of liberal economic reforms and check of international arms agreements, while also renewing ties with former Soviet client states and maintaining Russias strong opponent to proposed U. S. ballistic missile defenses (Fish 119). Although Putin has been, in the main, popular with the Russian public, his reputation suffered when he was perceived to collapse acted lately after the Russian submarine Kursk sank in Aug. , 2000 (Baker 27).By the end of his second year in office, however, the Russian presidents position had visibly strengthened, as he became apparently successful in stabilizing the government and the economy, the last mentioned achieved in part through banking, labor, and private-property reforms and in part through a fortuitous bone up in inunct prices (Russias principal export). Legal reforms gave great protection to the accused and increased powers to judges, bringing Russian legal practice more(prenominal) in line with that of the West. In 2001 and 2002, Putin criticized, but accepted, the U.S. withdrawal from the ABM treaty as it proceeded with its development of its missile defense system, while signing a treaty reducing the number of U. S. and Russian nuclear warheads and establishing closer relations with the United States and NATO. Many reforms that had been enacted faltered in their enforcement in the second half of Putins term, or were not built upon. Russias regions and provinces managed to resist central government control in many instances, and Chechnya remains an ongoing, fester problem. Putin was reelected in Mar., 2004, in an election that European observers criticized as unfair (Baker 257). Putin subsequently obtained changes that allowed him to appoint regional and idyl governors, increasing the central governments control over the federations constituents. Given this background, the policies of Putin can n ow be assessed. This analysis allow for cover nigh of the to the highest degree influential and questionable policies of Putin during his tenure as the president of Russia. The initiative disregard is the way that Putin has dealt with welfare policies in Russia.According to various Russian and western media reports, Putin is extremely concerned nearly the ongoing demographic problems (death rate being higher than birth rate and immigration rate), cyclical poverty, and hold concerns within the Russian Federation. In 2005, four national projects were launched in the fields of healthcare, education, housing and agriculture (Hanson 660). In his whitethorn 2006 annual speech, Putin proposed increasing maternity benefits and prenatal care for women.While these developments in the Russian form _or_ system of government on healthcare have had a fair degree of success, it cannot be properly and completely assessed without first examining the economic policies of Putin since these hav e a direct effect on the ability of the Russian government to implement these welfare policies. The Russian economy has grown strongly under Putin, thanks mainly to the good raft of sustained high oil prices, but helped too by sound macroeconomic policies (Hanson 661).Foreign investors, forgetting that they were naughtily burnt by Russias default in 1998, have flocked back. But the imminent demise of Yukos and the evidence that Putin is more interested in reasserting state control over the economy than in pursuing economic relaxation method are making many pause once again (Hanson 670). But the attack on Yukos, the best-run and most western-looking of Russian companies, was the worst cure of all capricious, selective and motivated by politics not the mold of law.Fears that it might presage attacks on other companies seem confirmed by this weeks news of an abrupt taxation claim on VimpelCom, a telecoms firm. Businessmen in Moscow say that, far from Putins new distinguish helpi ng to squeeze out corruption, it is now more pervasive than in the worst of the Yeltsin years. Corruption lies at the heart of many of Russias most intractable problems, from the poor state of the army, to the war in Chechnya, to its ineffective policing and counter-terrorism (Montinola 152).Putin has admitted that many Russians might fear the police more than they do criminals. But his efforts to tackle corruption have been half-hearted at bestand, because he has fostered more state control and little respect for the rule of law, he has created hardly the conditions in which corruption thrives best. Meanwhile, the pro-business reforms promised for his second term are largely in limbo (Montinola 153). Russias notorious oligarchs have also been tamed. Boris Berezovsky and Vladimir Gusinsky, two of the most unco-operative, are in exile.Mikhail Khodorkovsky, on trial for fraud and tax evasion, has been in prison since his arrest in October 2003. And Yukos, the oil company Mr Khodorkov sky once ran, looks set to be eviscerated when most of Yuganskneftegaz, its oil-production subsidiary, is interchange on December 19th. What remains of Yukos may also be seized, to requite alleged tax debts of some $25 billion. The near-certain purchaser of Yugansk is Gazprom, the state-run gas monopoly. Swallowing Yugansk will turn Gazprom into an energy behemoth that serves Russias foreign-policy interests even more powerfully (Montinola 148).Mr Putin is emerging more and more as a tactician, not a strategist. Economic reform, for example, has stalled since high oil prices offered an easier path to growth. His commitment to democracy now looks to be a tactic too. He may not yet have decided what to do in 2008. Boris Nemtsov, co-founder of a committee set up to conciliate sure he leaves on schedule, says that, if he does want to stick around, international obloquy would give him greater pause than domestic opinion.European and American leaders would react badly to a restructuring of the government, and with horror to a change in the constitution (Baker 375). Perhaps one of the most controversial policies of Putin is directly related to Putins rise to public office in August 1999 which also coincided with an aggressive resurgence of the near-dormant conflict in the compass north Caucasus, when Chechen nationalists regrouped and invaded neighboring Dagestan.Both in Russia and abroad, Putins public image was forged by his tough treatment of this dire challenge (Fish 125). His war in Chechnya was hugely popular, but its brutality also raised square questions about Putins commitment to human rights. References Baker, Peter and Glasser, Susan Kremlin Rising Vladimir Putins Russia and the End of Revolution Scribner Book Company May 2005 464 pages Fish, Steven Democracy Derailed in Russia The Failure of Open Politics, (Cambridge and New York Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp.119-127. Hanson, Philip and Teague, Elizabeth Big Business and the State in Russia, E urope-Asia Studies, 57, 5657-680, July 2005 Montinola, Gabriella and Jackman, Robert Sources of Corruption A Cross-Country Study, British Journal of Political Science Vol. 32, 2002, 147-170 Putin, Vladimir First Person, Public Affairs, 2000, 208 pp. (collection of interviews). Russian title Ot Pervogo Litsa. Razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym (From the First Person. Conversations with Vladimir Putin), Moscow, Vagrius, 2000.